Wɔ nnɛyi adansi, bridge mfiridwuma, ne mfiridwuma mu nneɛma mu no, dade a ɛyɛ nhama a ɛwɔ mfiridwuma mu, a ɛwɔ mfiridwuma mu nneɛma soronko ne nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma yiye no abɛyɛ fapem mmoa nhyehyɛe a ɛho nhia. Ɛwom sɛ mpɛn pii no wɔde wɔn ho sie wɔ adan anim anaasɛ wɔde nneɛma a wɔde siesie wɔn ho kata so de, nanso wodi dwuma titiriw wɔ nnesoa a wɔde mena ne sɛnea ɛkɔ so tra hɔ no mu. Efi dade nnua a ɛwɔ soro no so kosi mmeamudua-po so abɔnten so adum a ɛboa so, dade a ɛwɔ nsu mu, a ahoɔden a ɛkorɔn, nea ɛko tia nsɛe, ne sɛnea ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛyɛ no, ayɛ fapem a ɛyɛ den ama nnɛyi mfiridwuma.
Mfiridwuma mu mfaso horow a ɛwɔ dade a ɛyɛ nhama so .
Akansie titiriw a ɛwɔ dade nhama a ɛyɛ den mu no da wɔn mfiridwuma mu nneɛma a ɛkyɛn so no so. Sɛ wɔde toto atetesɛm mu dade adum a ɛyɛ den anaasɛ kɔnkrit structures ho a, dade nhama a ɛyɛ den no ma nneɛma no yɛ kɛse wɔ atifi fam, na ɛma "tubular cross-section" no yɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛnyɛ sɛ saa nhyehyɛe yi ma deadweight so tew kɛse nko, na mmom ɛma ahoɔden kɛse wɔ axial compression ne bending loads ase. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ compression ase no, circular cross-section of a steel tube no siw local buckling ano yiye, bere a rectangular anaa square tubes betumi ama load-bearing capacity ayɛ kɛse bio denam stiffener design a ɛfata a wɔde bedi dwuma no so.
Bio nso, torsional stiffness of steel pipes no boro deɛ ɛyɛ open-section dadeɛ structures a ɛwɔ cross-sections no so koraa, na ɛma ɛtumi kɔ so yɛ structure integrity wɔ tumi a ɛyɛ nnam te sɛ asasewosow ne mframa adesoa ase. Saa su yi ama wɔn dwumadie a ɛtrɛ wɔ core tubes a ɛkorɔn-asɔre adan, truss systems ma akɛseɛ-beaeɛ mmeaeɛ, ne mmoa adum ma offshore platforms.
Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma ne mfiridwuma ho nimdeɛ a ɛkɔ so .
Nnɛyi dade afiri a wɔde fa nsu mu a agye din no yɛ nea wontumi ntetew mu mfi nkɔso a aba wɔ dade a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma ne mfiridwuma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma ho. High-ahoɔden a ɛba fam-Alloy Steels (te sɛ Q345 ne Q460) a wɔde di dwuma no wɔ ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛso atew bere a ɛma ahoɔden kɔ so yɛ adwuma no. Nneɛma a ɛho akokwaw a ɛyɛ hyew-rolled seamless steel pipes and high-frequency welded steel pipes no ma wonya akwan horow a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ma dwumadie ahodoɔ. Kan no fata ma kɔ soro-nhyɛ nsuo a ɛkɔ soro anaasɛ ɛkɔ soro-precision structural components, bere a akyiri yi no di gua no so a ne bo nyɛ den na ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm.
Wɔ nnansa yi mfeɛ mu no, nkɔsoɔ a aba wɔ anti{0}}corrosion mfiridwuma mu no atrɛw dwumadie hyeɛ a ɛwɔ dadeɛ paipu nhyehyɛeɛ mu no mu bio. Hot-dip galvanizing, epoxy coating, ne stainless steel nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma no ama dade nhama atumi agyina bere tenten-bere a wɔde yɛ adwuma wɔ mpoano soro-nkyene a wɔde petepete nneɛma so, mmeae a nnuru a wɔde petepete nsu mu, ne mpo awɔw a emu yɛ den a ɛwɔ po so mmeae a ɛwɔ po so no ano. Sɛ nhwɛso no, dade paipu a wɔaboaboa ano wɔ Hong Kong-ZHUHAI-Macao Bridge no de multi-layered anti-corrosion nhyehyɛe di dwuma, hwɛ hu sɛ afeha{10}}bere tenten nkwa nna te sɛ po mu nsu a ɛreworo so.
Nneyɛe foforo a wɔyɛ wɔ mfiridwuma ho nimdeɛ mu .
Ɛnyɛ sɛ dade afiri a wɔde fa nsu mu no bo yɛ den wɔ nneɛma ankorankoro no adwumayɛ mu nko, na mmom ɛne nneɛma afoforo nso yɛ adwuma bom. Wɔ hybrid structural systems mu no, wɔtaa de dadeɛ nhama ka kɔnkrit ho ma ɛyɛ "concrete-filled steel tube" composite components: kɔnkrit a ɛkorɔn-ahoɔden a wɔhwie gu mu no hyɛ radial deformation gaps no ma wɔ dadeɛ nhama no mu wɔ compression ase, berɛ a dadeɛ nhama no siw kɔnkrit no afã ntrɛmu no ano. Saa nkabom yi betumi ama bearing tumi no akɔ soro bɛboro 30%. Shanghai Abantenten no adum akɛse no de saa mfiridwuma yi di dwuma, na ɛma wonya mmoa a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ mita 632.
Wɔ mmeae a ahiasɛm a emu yɛ den ma emu yɛ hare, te sɛ agumadibea ne nhyiam mmeae no, wɔde spatial steel pipe truss structures nam welded anaa bolted nodes so na ɛka bom yɛ self-balancing geometric system. "Ice Ribbon" speed skating rink a ɛwɔ Beijing Winter Olympics no de saddle-adan atifi a wɔayɛ no sɛnea ɛte no yɛ cross-ahyehyɛ dade paipu trusses. Ɛnyɛ sɛ eyi di ahwehwɛde a ɛne sɛ wɔbɛtra hɔ tenten-span, column-ahunmu no so nko, na mmom ɛde mfiridwuma mu afɛfɛde bi nso ma denam dwetɛ dade nhama a ɛda adi no so.
Daakye nsɛnnennen ne nkɔso akwankyerɛ .
Ɛwom sɛ dadeɛ a ɛwɔ nsuo mu no ayɛ kɛseɛ koraa deɛ, nanso mfiridwumayɛfoɔ da so ara rehwehwɛ ano aduru a ɛyɛ papa. 3D-afiri dadeɛ a wɔde ayɛ node mfiridwuma no renya nkɔsoɔ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu, a ɛma ɛtumi yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ den a wɔde yɛ topological structures a ɛyɛ den denam additive manufacturing so. Nneɛma a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma so a ɛyɛ nyansa no a wɔde ka bom no ma sensor ahorow no tumi de-bere ho mmuae ma wɔ nhyɛso a ɛwɔ mu ne nsɛe tebea mu wɔ dade nhama mu, na ɛma adwumayɛ ne nsiesie ahobammɔ tu mpɔn kɛse.
Efi New York Empire State Building so kosi Dubai Burj Khalifa so no, dade a ɛyɛ nhama a wɔde ayɛ adum ayɛ odum a aniwa nhu a ɛboa adesamma adansi ho anidaso bere nyinaa. Ɛnam nkɔsoɔ a aba wɔ nneɛma ho nyansahu ne digyital mfiridwuma mu nti, saa adeɛ titire yi bɛkɔ so apia ahyeɛ, ama mmoa ano aduru a ɛyɛ hare na ɛyɛ nyansa ama daakye nkuropɔn.
