Sɛ́ ade titiriw a ɛwɔ nnɛyi nnwuma ne nnwuma mu no, nsusuwii ho adwene a ɛwɔ dade nhama a ɛyɛ nkuruwankuruwa akyi no kɔ akyiri sen "tubular structures" a wɔbɛboaboa ano kɛkɛ. Mmom no, ɛde mfiridwuma ho nimdeɛ a wɔahyehyɛ a ɛka nneɛma ho nyansahu, mfiridwuma nnyinasosɛm, nneɛma a wɔyɛ, ne nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma ho ahwehwɛde ahorow bom ka ho. Efi nhyɛso a ɛko tia ngo ne gas nhama so kosi shear resistance ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛfa bridge pile fapem ho so kosi beae a ɛyɛ nsakrae a ɛfa ɔdansi adan ho no, dade nhama a ɛyɛ nkuruwankuruwa a wɔyɛ no di akɔneaba bere nyinaa wɔ nneɛma atitiriw abiɛsa ho: “adwumayɛ mu nsakrae,” “nhyehyɛe mu ahotoso,” ne “nsusuwii a ɛyɛ adwuma," bo a ɛsom bo kɛse a ɛfa nneɛma a ɛkari pɛ ho.
I. Dwumadie-a ɛfa ho: "Basic Parameters" a wɔkyerɛkyerɛ mu a egyina ahwehwɛdeɛ so .
Anamɔn a edi kan wɔ spiral steel pipe design mu ne sɛ "wɔbɛkyerɛ application no pɛpɛɛpɛ." Application mmeae ahorow de ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛda nsow to dade nhama adwumayɛ so. Ɛsɛ sɛ ngo ne gas nhama no gyina nhyɛso a ɛkorɔn ano (a mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ kɛse sen MPa 6 anaasɛ ɛne no yɛ pɛ) na ɛko tia nsu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a efi nsɛm a ɛwɔ mu no mu (te sɛ sulfide stress corrosion a efi ngo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw mu). Enti, nneɛma a wɔde di kan wɔ nhyehyɛe mu no bi ne ɔfasu no mu duru (de hydrostatic sɔhwɛ di dwuma de kyerɛ ɔfasu no mu duru a ɛba fam koraa), emu anti-nkyene a ɛyɛ nsensanee (te sɛ 3pe coating anaa epoxy powder coating), ne weld fatigue ahoɔden. Ɔkwan foforo so no, dade nhama a ɛyɛ nkuruwankuruwa a wɔde di dwuma wɔ adansi adan mu (te sɛ bere tiaa mu bridge a ɛboa anaasɛ spatial truss mufo) si cross-sectional inertia (a ɛka bending ne torsional resistance), surface treatment (anti{8}}rust paint anaasɛ hot{9}}dip galvanizing), ne compattibility (anti galvanizing).
Saa "ahwehwɛde-nea edi kan" nhyehyɛe kwan yi kyerɛ "functional objectives" ase titiriw kɔ quantifiable parameters mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ bere tenten-akyi ngo ne gas akwantu adwuma mu no, adwumfo de nsu mu ahoɔden ho mfonini di dwuma de bu nhyɛso a ɛwɔ mu no kyekyɛ wɔ nsu afiri no mu. Sɛ wosusuw asase ho tebea horow ho (te sɛ fapem a wɔde besisi hɔ wɔ mmeae a ɛtra hɔ daa anaasɛ ɔhyew mu ntrɛwmu ne ntwitwiridii a ɛba wɔ anhweatam so mmeae) a, wɔkyerɛ hoop nhyɛso a wɔma ho kwan ma dade paipu no. Awiei koraa no, wonya ɔsorokɔ a wɔhwehwɛ no sohwɛ a wɔhwehwɛ ma spiral welds (mpɛn pii no ɛba fam sen 2mm anaasɛ ɛne no yɛ pɛ de tew adwennwen dodow so), ratio a eye sen biara a ɛfa paipu no kɛse ne ɔfasu no mu duru ho (sɛ nhwɛso no, DN1000 paipu taa yɛ ɔfasu a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ 8-16mm), ne mpo mu duru a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ mita biara mu (sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛkwati akwantu a wɔde fa nneɛma so).
ii. Structural Intelligence: Mfiridwuma mu ahintasɛm a ɛfa spiral a ɛyɛ .
Nsonsonoe titiriw a ɛda dade paipu a ɛyɛ nkuruwankuruwa ne dade paipu a ɛyɛ tẽẽ ntam no da ne "spiral continuous welding" a ɛyɛ ɔkwan soronko a wɔfa so yɛ no mu-da dade mprɛte no coiled na wɔde welded fa spiral line so ma ɛyɛ paipu no. Saa adeyɛ yi ankasa kyerɛ nyansa nhyehyɛe ho mfiridwuma ho nhyehyɛe.
Sɛ yɛhwɛ mfiri a, spiral weld no tu mmirika wɔ anim pɔtee bi (mpɛn pii no 50℃-75℃) kɔ paipu axis no so. Saa "oblique load" su yi hwɛ hu sɛ stress kyekyɛ a ɛyɛ pɛ wɔ weld area no mu bere a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nhyɛso a ɛwɔ mu no ase no. Sɛ wode toto straight seam steel pipe ho (beae a weld seam no gyina axial direction no so, ɛnyɛ den sɛ ɛbɛyɛ stress concentration point a), spiral steel pipe betumi anya 15%-20% nkɔanim wɔ circumferential load-bearing capacity (measured data). Eyi ma ɛfata titiriw ma-diameter (DN1200 ne nea ɛboro saa) ne nsu nhama a ɛkɔ akyiri a ɛyɛ nhyɛso kɛse. Bio nso, spiral forming process no kora fiber continuity a ɛwɔ steel plate no mu (ɛnyɛ sɛ straight seam dadeɛ paipu, a ɛhia sɛ wɔtwa dadeɛ mprɛte no tenten na wɔde splicing), ɛma nsunsuansoɔ a ɛko tia ne ɔbrɛ nkwa nyinaa tu mpɔn kɛseɛ.
Ɛsɛ sɛ wosusuw helix angle a wɔpaw no nso ho bere a wɔreyɛ nhyehyɛe no. Angle ketewaa bi bɛma ayɛ den sɛ wɔbɛma dade mprɛte no anoano ayɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ bere a wɔreyɛ no (effecting weld quality), bere a anim kɛse dodo bɛma adesoa a ɛwɔ mprɛte a ɛrehuruhuruw no so no ayɛ kɛse na atew radial stiffness a ɛwɔ paipu no mu no so. Engineers taa de finite element analysis (FEA) di dwuma de yɛ stress distribution ho mfonini wɔ helix angles ahorow mu de kyerɛ awiei koraa no anim kwan a eye sen biara a ɛhwɛ ma ɛyɛ adwuma yiye ne structure ahoɔden ahwehwɛde nyinaa.
iii. Nneɛma a wɔyɛ no sɛnea wɔyɛ no: Optimizing producibility wɔ anohyeto ahorow mu .
Wontumi ntetew adwini no mu mfi nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho nokwasɛm ahorow ho. Ɛsɛ sɛ adwene a ɛfa spiral steel paipu ho no ka sɛnea wɔyɛ nhyehyɛe no ho yiye ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɛsɛ sɛ dade mprɛte raw material a wɔpaw no kari pɛ ahoɔden ne weldability. Bere a-afiri a ɛyɛ den a wɔde fa nsu mu (te sɛ x80) betumi atew ɔfasu no mu duru so na ɛnam so ama nneɛma ho ka no, ne carbon a ɛne no sɛ kɛse no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ ɔhyew a ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ welding no so pɛpɛɛpɛ (na ama wɔakwati sɛ wɔbɛpaapae awɔw mu). Enti, wɔde "welding process window" a ɛtrɛw no sie bere a wɔreyɛ no (sɛ nhwɛso no, denam groove blunt edge no mu duru a ɛkɔ soro anaasɛ current ne voltage parameters a wɔsakra no so).
Bio nso, akwantuo anohyetoɔ a ɛwɔ hɔ ma-diameter spiral steel pipe (sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, paipu no ntwemu a ɛkyɛn so ma kwan so akwantuo no taa sua anaa ɛne 3m yɛ pɛ, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ pipe a ɛboro saa anohyetoɔ yi wɔ afã ahodoɔ mu na afei welded wɔ-beaeɛ so) nso bɛtumi anya adwene no wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ bɔne so. Sɛ adwuma no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde paipu biako, a ɛboro so-afiri (te sɛ offshore platform support structure) a, nea ɔyɛ no betumi apaw "Segmented Spiral + Flange Connection" ano aduru. Ɛdenam flange tokuru nhyehyɛe ne sealing surface angle a ɛyɛ papa so no, saa ano aduru yi di akwantu ahwehwɛde ahorow ho dwuma bere a ɛhwɛ hu wɔ-site instɔlehyɛn no pɛpɛɛpɛ so.
Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa kɛse mpo ne "green manufacturing" adwene a wɔde ka ho: nnɛyi spiral steel pipe designs de nneɛma a wotumi de di dwuma bio di kan (te sɛ Q235B carbon steel) na ɛtew dade a wɔde di dwuma so denam ɔfasu no mu duru a wɔma ɛyɛ papa so (wɔ 1mm biara a ɛso tew wɔ ɔfasu no mu no mu no, mita biara mu duru so tew bɛyɛ 6%{5} 8%). WEld reinforcement a wɔhwɛ so no nka adwennwene kyekyɛ nko na mmom ɛtew grinding dodow a ɛho hia wɔ bere a edi hɔ a wɔde kata so a wɔde kata so no so, na ɛtew mframa bɔne a wɔtow gu no so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.
Awiei: Engineering nyansapɛ wɔ tumi a ɛkari pɛ mu .
Nneɛma a wɔayɛ a ɛyɛ dade paipu a ɛyɛ nkuruwankuruwa no yɛ adeyɛ titiriw a ɛma wonya ano aduru a eye sen biara wɔ "adwumayɛ mu ahwehwɛde ahorow,” “ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe,” ne “adwumayɛ ho ka” ntam. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ mfiridwumayɛfo di nneɛma ahorow so pɛpɛɛpɛ (sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛnea wonim sɛnea Q345B dade no aba no yɛ 345 MPa, a ɛne nhyɛso a wɔma ho kwan ma ɔfasu no mu duru ahorow hyia), ne ntease a emu dɔ a ɛfa adeyɛ anohyeto ahorow ho (te sɛ afiri a wɔde hyɛ nsu mu a ɛyɛ nkuruwankuruwa no mu a ɛyɛ den kɛse no). Bio nso, "nkwa nna nyinaa" adwene ho hia (efi nea wɔyɛ, nea wɔde kɔ, nea wɔde si hɔ, kosi adwumayɛ ne nsiesie so).
Sɛ dade paipu a ɛyɛ nkuruwankuruwa gyina soro-nhyɛso akwantu wɔ anhweatam so ngo ne mframa paipu mu, ɛko tia asorɔkye a ɛwɔ asɛndua a ɛwɔ adum no fã a ɛwɔ adum-po bridge no mu, anaasɛ ɛfoa ahunmu nhyehyɛe a ɛwɔ agumadibea bi dome no so a, ɛyɛ "ntease akontaabu” a ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ yi ne "Engineering nyansa" a wɔde di dwuma no: sɛ wɔde bɛma akorade a ɛwɔ akyi no ankyia so a wɔde bedi dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ den so Akwan a wɔfa so ma dade afã horow yɛ bridge a wotumi de ho to so a ɛka ahiade ne nokwasɛm bom.
